A root canal is a dental procedure designed to treat and save a tooth that has become severely decayed or infected. The treatment involves removing the damaged or infected pulp—the soft tissue inside the tooth that contains nerves and blood vessels—from the root canals. After the pulp is removed, the interior of the tooth is thoroughly cleaned and disinfected to eliminate bacteria and debris. 

The space is then filled with a biocompatible material called gutta-percha and sealed to restore the tooth’s strength and function. Following the root canal, the tooth typically requires a crown or other restoration to provide additional protection and ensure its longevity. Root canal therapy is often recommended to alleviate pain, prevent the spread of infection, and preserve the natural tooth, avoiding the need for extraction.