Orthodontics is a specialized field of dentistry focused on diagnosing, preventing, and treating dental and facial irregularities, primarily through the use of braces, aligners, and other corrective appliances. The primary goal of orthodontic treatment is to achieve a well-aligned bite and straight teeth, which can enhance both function and appearance. Orthodontists assess issues such as crooked or crowded teeth, overbites, underbites, and gaps to develop a customized treatment plan. 

Laser treatments and intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy target pigmentation at deeper levels, breaking down melanin and improving skin clarity. Additionally, ensuring rigorous sun protection is crucial to prevent further pigmentation and protect treated areas. Tailoring treatment to the specific type of pigmentation and individual skin characteristics, often in consultation with a dermatologist, can help achieve the best results and maintain a radiant, even skin tone.